Polygomy is not a Quranic commandment

Polygamy is not a Quranic commandment as widely believed.
“وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَىٰ فَانكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُم مِّنَ النِّسَاءِ مَثْنَىٰ وَثُلَاثَ وَرُبَاعَ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تَعْدِلُوا فَوَاحِدَةً أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ ذَٰلِكَ أَدْنَىٰ أَلَّا تَعُولُوا”

I can say with absolute certainty that the Quran does not legislate polygamy nor encourages it. What the Quran really allude in this regard is that it refers to the issue of polygamy, which was already practiced, in the context of the issue of orphans. The Quranic verse in question it highlights the importance of orphans in a society where polygamy is already established social norm. Hence in such social conditions the Quran calls upon society members to utilize polygamy (already established) for a higher noble purpose and that is to address the problem of Orphans and it highlighted the inevitable realty which faces orphans such as injustice and oppression, as clearly expressed in the following text :

“And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphans”
Hence the main purpose of this verse is the issue of orphans and not polygamy as commonly believed. Looking closely to the text above we can see that the main raised concern was the fear of not dealing with orphans justly; this raised fear laid down the grand context of the verse and has nothing to do with issue of polygamy which is mistakenly to be be taken as the main context of the verse by all Muslim Jurists.
The second concerns was raised in this verse is expressed in the following text, as a preventive measure against injustice towards the orphans, and this measure is expressed in the proceeding text:
“then marry those that please you of [other] women,..”
If you notice the verse began with the conditional statement “if you fear..” afterwards the verse gives the answer to the condition “if you..” by saying “then marry..” thus clearly this binds the issue of seeking women in marriage to the issue of orphans, as stated:
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This statement above clearly refers to the practice of polygamy which is already established in the society then and times to come. The segment of verse is to be taken as a commandent to legislate Poloygamy at all as widely believed by Muslim Jurists as well as Muslim societies. The question to ask here is “who are the women the verse is refering to; are they any women not related to Orphans or the mothers of these Orphans?”
The second concern was raised, in connection to the remedy of marriage towards the problem of orphans, is stated in the proceeding text:
“But if you fear that you will not be just, ..”
The question here to ask is towards whom the statement “not to be just..” is directed at. It is worth mentioning that the common understanding of this statement is “not to be just “ is in reference to women in question, but is it really it refer to them or to some other people. Well looking at the text part of this verse closely

then [marry only] one or those your right hand possesses. That is more suitable that you may not have to deal with burden (ta’auloo-too many orphans beyond your capacity)
“وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَىٰ فَانكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُم مِّنَ النِّسَاءِ مَثْنَىٰ وَثُلَاثَ وَرُبَاعَ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تَعْدِلُوا فَوَاحِدَةً أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ ذَٰلِكَ أَدْنَىٰ أَلَّا تَعُولُوا”

About Adill Hissan

Public speaker, business man, writer. Studied Physics, engineering, philosophy, religions.
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